Paper Details

Name: Thaseen Sultana
Country: India

Year: 2025
Volume: Volume No: 12, Issue No: 2, Year: 2025
Page Number: 475-483
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22671776

Employee productivity represents a critical determinant of organizational effectiveness, competitiveness, and long-term sustainability. In contemporary business environments, organizations face increasing pressure to improve productivity while responding to technological change, evolving employee expectations, skill shortages, and changing forms of work. These developments have increased the strategic importance of Human Resource Management (HRM). This paper examines how strategic HRM practices contribute to employee productivity through the development of employee capabilities, motivation, engagement, and opportunities for contribution. Drawing on Human Capital Theory, the Resource-Based View, and the Ability–Motivation–Opportunity framework, the paper critically examines major HRM practices, including recruitment and selection, training and development, performance management, compensation and rewards, career development, employee participation, and employee well-being. The review indicates that HRM practices can contribute to productivity not simply by increasing employee effort but by creating organizational conditions that enable employees to perform effectively. The paper further argues that HRM practices are more likely to generate sustainable productivity when implemented as mutually reinforcing systems rather than isolated interventions. Particular attention is given to employee engagement, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and well-being as mechanisms through which HRM practices may influence productivity. The paper contributes to the HRM literature by integrating established theoretical perspectives and emphasizing the distinction between short-term output maximization and sustainable employee productivity. Managerial implications and future research directions are discussed.

Keywords: Human Resource Management, Strategic HRM, Employee Productivity, Human Capital, Employee Engagement, Employee Performance, Organizational Performance, Employee Well-Being